The signs and symptoms of intestinal parasites and when to take action

Intestinal parasites are organisms residing in the digestive tract, relying on the host for survival. These parasites can interfere with digestion, leading to a range of symptoms that may be mistaken for other gastrointestinal conditions.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 25% of the global population has an intestinal parasite infection. In regions with limited access to clean water and sanitation, this number can rise to 50%. Since the signs and symptoms of intestinal parasites can be subtle or resemble other health issues, many infections go undiagnosed.

Recognising the early signs of intestinal parasites can help prevent complications and ensure timely treatment. Understanding how parasites enter the body can also reduce the risk of infection.

How do people get intestinal parasites?

Several factors contribute to the transmission of intestinal parasites:

• Contaminated food and water – Consuming undercooked meat, unwashed produce, or drinking untreated water can increase the risk.
• Poor hygiene and sanitation – Failing to wash hands properly after using the bathroom or handling food may lead to infection.
• Travel to high-risk areas – Visiting regions of the world with poor sanitation facilities can expose individuals to parasites.
• Animal and insect transmission – Close contact with infected pets, livestock, or insect bites may result in exposure.

Common signs and symptoms of intestinal parasites

The signs and symptoms of intestinal parasites often present as digestive discomfort. Some of the most frequently reported symptoms include:

• Chronic diarrhoea or constipation – Parasites can disrupt digestion, leading to irregular bowel movements.

• Abdominal pain and cramping – Inflammation in the intestines may cause persistent abdominal discomfort.

• Bloating and gas – Some intestinal parasites produce excess gas, causing bloating and digestive distress.

• Unexplained nausea or vomiting – Some infections trigger nausea and vomiting, particularly after meals.

Other physical signs of intestinal parasites

Beyond digestive issues, parasitic infections can impact overall health. These additional symptoms may indicate an underlying infection:

• Unexplained weight loss – Parasites consume nutrients, leading to weight loss despite normal eating habits.

• Fatigue and weakness – Nutrient deficiencies caused by parasites can contribute to persistent tiredness.

• Itchy skin or rashes – Some intestinal parasites lead to skin irritation, hives, or allergic reactions.

• Anaemia – Blood-sucking intestinal parasites can cause iron deficiency, pale skin and dizziness.

Neurological and emotional symptoms

Research suggests that the gut and brain are closely linked. Parasitic infections may affect cognitive and emotional well-being. Symptoms may include:

• Brain fog and difficulty concentrating – Nutrient deficiencies and inflammation may impair cognitive function.

• Mood swings and irritability – Gut health affects mood regulation, and infections may cause emotional changes.

• Disturbed sleep patterns – Gut parasites may cause restlessness, night sweats, or teeth grinding (bruxism).

• Increased sugar cravings – Some parasites thrive on sugar, potentially increasing cravings for sweet foods.

How are intestinal parasites diagnosed?

If you suspect an infection, medical professionals use various diagnostic tools to detect parasites:

• Stool sample tests – Lab analysis can identify parasite eggs or organisms in stool samples.

• Blood tests – Some parasites trigger specific immune responses detectable in bloodwork.

• Endoscopy or colonoscopy – In severe cases, a doctor may examine the intestines directly.

• Imaging scans – Ultrasounds or X-rays may be used to detect intestinal parasites in organs.                        

  
  If symptoms persist for more than a few weeks or worsen over time, seeking medical advice is recommended.  

Get the best possible treatment for your gut health

Ongoing digestive issues can significantly impact your overall well-being, from persistent discomfort to disruptions in daily life. If you’re experiencing the signs and symptoms of intestinal parasites, seeking medical advice can be the first step toward effective treatment and relief.

Addressing a parasitic infection early may help prevent complications and support better long-term gut health. With the right approach—whether through medication, dietary adjustments, or improved hygiene practices—you can work towards restoring balance in your digestive system. If symptoms persist, consulting a healthcare professional can provide clarity and guidance on the most appropriate intestinal parasite treatment options.

Taking a proactive approach to your gut health can make a difference. If you suspect an infection, don’t ignore the symptoms—explore your options and regain control of your digestive well-being.