Endoscopic evaluation, also called endoscopic investigation, is a term that encompasses a variety of medical procedures used to examine the internal organs of the body, particularly those within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. These procedures, including endoscopy, colonoscopy, gastroscopy, and panendoscopy, involve the use of an endoscope—a long, thin, flexible tube equipped with a camera and tools to enable detailed visualisation of the internal organs. They are typically performed through natural openings, such as the mouth or anus, providing a minimally invasive method for assessing the stomach, colon, and other parts of the digestive system.

Endoscopic investigation allows doctors to investigate the health of internal organs in a less invasive manner than traditional surgery, which requires making incisions in the body. The camera at the tip of the endoscope provides real-time images, allowing medical professionals to thoroughly examine affected areas for potential abnormalities. The flexible tube can be manoeuvred through the gastrointestinal tract, providing clear visibility of the stomach lining, the colon, and other structures, even in hard-to-reach areas.

One of the main advantages of endoscopic evaluations is their ability to collect biopsies. During the procedure, doctors can take tissue samples from suspicious areas, such as abnormal growths, tumours, or lesions, to be analysed for diseases like cancer. Additionally, endoscopes are equipped with instruments that allow doctors to perform minor surgical interventions without the need for a larger incision. This could include removing polyps (growths on the lining of the stomach or colon), treating precancerous lesions, or even extracting foreign objects from the digestive tract.

Endoscopies are commonly used for both diagnostic and preventive purposes. For instance, they are often performed as part of a routine screening for colorectal cancer, particularly for individuals over the age of 50 or those with a family history of GI conditions. The early detection of conditions like cancer, ulcers, or gastrointestinal bleeding can significantly improve the prognosis and effectiveness of treatment. Similarly, endoscopy is useful for investigating symptoms such as unexplained abdominal pain, bloating, chronic heartburn, nausea, or changes in bowel habits.

In addition to their diagnostic capabilities, endoscopes also have therapeutic applications. For example, a colonoscopy may be used to remove polyps from the colon, reducing the risk of colorectal cancer. In some cases, endoscopes are employed for more advanced procedures, such as Faecal Microbiota Transplants (FMT), which involves transferring healthy bacteria from a donor's stool into a patient's colon to treat conditions like Clostridium difficile infection, an infection caused by an imbalance of bacteria in the gut. This procedure has shown promising results in restoring gut health and treating certain digestive disorders.

Overall, endoscopic investigation is a powerful tool in modern medicine, providing doctors with a clear view of the digestive tract and enabling the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of gastrointestinal issues without the need for major surgery. These procedures play an essential role in both preventive care and the management of various GI conditions, improving patient outcomes and reducing recovery times.

Preparation for a procedure is key, as some preparation can start up to 7 days prior. In your consultation, Dr. Suhirdan will explain what preparation you require for your procedure and also advise you about your medication (if you take any). For full details and downloads, please refer to: