Bowel cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in Australia, with around 15,000 new cases each year. While some risk factors, such as genetics and age, cannot be changed, adopting certain lifestyle habits may help lower the likelihood of developing this disease. Prevention strategies focus on maintaining a healthy lifestyle, being aware of personal risk factors, and undergoing regular screenings.
Many cases of bowel cancer begin as small growths called polyps, which can develop in the lining of the bowel. Over time, some polyps may turn cancerous if left untreated. The good news is that regular screenings can detect these polyps early, often before they become a serious problem. By making informed lifestyle choices and staying vigilant about potential symptoms, you can take important steps to safeguard your health. Understanding how to avoid bowel cancer can empower individuals to make informed choices for better long-term well-being.
Get regular screenings
Why it’s important
Early detection significantly improves survival rates, as bowel cancer is highly treatable in its early stages.
Recommended screening age
Australians aged 50–74 are encouraged to participate in the free National Bowel Cancer Screening Program.
How it works
The screening test detects hidden blood in the stool, which may indicate early signs of bowel cancer.
High-risk individuals
Those with a family history should consult their doctor about starting screenings earlier.
Stay physically active
Exercise reduces cancer risk: Engaging in physical activity may potentially reduce the risk of bowel cancer.
Recommended activity levels: Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise on most days of the week.
Weight management benefits: Staying active helps prevent obesity, a known risk factor for bowel cancer.
Simple ways to move: Activities like cycling, swimming, or household chores contribute to overall movement.
Maintain a healthy weight
Link between obesity and cancer
Excess body fat has been associated with an increased risk of bowel cancer.
Focus on sustainable weight loss
Gradual changes in diet and exercise are more effective than crash diets.
Monitor portion sizes
Controlling portion sizes can help prevent overeating and support digestive health.
Consult a dietitian if needed
Seeking guidance can assist with personalised weight management strategies.
Avoid smoking
Smoking and bowel cancer
Long-term smoking increases the risk of various cancers, including bowel cancer.
How quitting helps
Stopping smoking may potentially help reduce inflammation and improve overall gut health.
Support for quitting
Resources such as Quitline Australia offer counselling and nicotine replacement therapy.
Second-hand smoke risks
Even exposure to cigarette smoke from others can have harmful effects on your body.
Know your family medical history
Genetic risk factors
A family history of bowel cancer can increase an individual’s risk of developing the disease.
Discuss with your doctor
Those with a strong family history may require earlier or more frequent screenings.
Genetic testing
Some individuals may benefit from genetic testing to identify possible inherited cancer risks.
Monitor symptoms early
Recognising potential warning signs can help with the timely detection and treatment.
FAQs

Stress might not be the first thing that comes to mind when learning how to avoid bowel cancer, but it may play a role. Chronic stress does not directly cause bowel cancer, but it may play an indirect role in increasing risk. Long-term stress can disrupt digestion, weaken immune function, and contribute to unhealthy coping mechanisms such as poor diet, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption. These factors can, in turn, increase the likelihood of developing bowel cancer. Managing stress through relaxation techniques like meditation, exercise, and deep breathing, along with maintaining a healthy diet and sleep routine, can support overall gut health and reduce potential risks.
Making proactive lifestyle changes can significantly lower your risk of bowel cancer. A diet rich in fibre from whole grains, fruits, and vegetables promotes healthy digestion and reduces the buildup of harmful toxins in the colon. Regular physical activity supports gut motility and overall well-being. Avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol intake are also crucial, as both have been linked to an increased risk of bowel cancer. Maintaining a healthy weight and staying hydrated further contribute to a lower risk. Small, consistent changes in daily habits can have a lasting impact on your health.
Yes, leading a sedentary lifestyle is associated with a higher risk of bowel cancer. Prolonged sitting and lack of movement can slow down digestion and contribute to obesity and inflammation, both of which increase cancer risk. Regular physical activity—such as walking, cycling, or strength training—not only helps regulate bowel movements but also supports a healthy metabolism and immune system. Experts recommend incorporating at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week and reducing sedentary time by taking breaks to stand or stretch throughout the day.
Regular health check-ups are essential for early detection and prevention of bowel cancer, especially if you have a family history or other risk factors such as obesity, smoking, or a diet high in processed foods. If you're over 50 or younger but have risk factors, your doctor may recommend regular screenings such as a colonoscopy or stool tests. Discussing your bowel health with your doctor at least once a year can help identify any changes early and ensure you’re taking the right steps to lower your risk.
Prioritise your bowel health
Taking proactive steps towards bowel cancer prevention is one of the best investments you can make in your long-term health. Small changes, like improving your diet, staying active, and attending regular bowel cancer screenings, can have a big impact on reducing your risk.
If you have concerns about your bowel health or a family history of bowel cancer, don’t put off speaking with a healthcare professional. Early detection saves lives, and the right lifestyle adjustments can support better digestive health and overall well-being.
Your health is in your hands—find out how to avoid bowel cancer today.